Health Information

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils. It's usually caused by a viral infection or, less commonly, a bacterial infection. It's a common type of infection in children, although it can sometimes affect adults. The symptoms of tonsillitis include: sore throat that can feel worse when swallowing

Tongue-tie (ankyloglossia) is a problem affecting some babies with a tight piece of skin between the underside of their tongue and the floor of their mouth (lingual frenulum). It can sometimes affect the baby's feeding, making it hard for them to attach properly to their mother's breast.

Oesophageal atresia is a rare birth defect that affects a baby's oesophagus (the tube through which food passes from the mouth to the stomach).

A hernia occurs when an internal part of the body pushes through a weakness in the muscle or surrounding tissue wall. An umbilical hernia appears as a painless lump in or near the navel (belly button) that may get bigger when you laugh, cough, cry or go to the toilet. It may shrink when you are relaxed or lying down.

Phimosis is a condition where the foreskin is too tight to be pulled back over the head of the penis (glans). Phimosis is normal in babies and toddlers, but in older children it may be the result of a skin condition that has caused scarring. It isn't usually a problem unless it causes symptoms.

Undescended testicles are a common childhood condition where a boy is born without both testicles in his scrotum. It is estimated that about one in every 25 boys are born with undescended testicles.

A cleft is a gap or split in the upper lip, the roof of the mouth (palate), or sometimes both. It occurs when separate areas of the face do not join together properly when a baby is developing during pregnancy.

Male circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin. The foreskin is the hood of skin covering the end of the penis, which can be gently pulled back. Circumcision may be performed for:

Defines and explains the causes, symptoms, and treatment of Hirschsprung disease. Includes a pronunciation guide of terms associated with the condition.?

Details the anatomy of the urinary tract and describes birth defects that can block the normal flow of urine. Explains diagnostic procedures and treatment of urine blockage in newborns.

Discusses the causes of nighttime and daytime incontinence in children, describes medical and behavioral treatments

Moebius syndrome is a rare birth defect caused by the absence or underdevelopment of the 6th and 7th cranial nerves, which control eye movements and facial expression.